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Laser Components USA, Inc.
116 South River Road
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Bedford, NH 03110
USA
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Photodynamic Therapy

Photodynamic therapy is used in ophthalmology, oncology, and dermatology. Light treatment is advantageous for a patient due to the noninvasive or minimally invasive methods used. It leads to faster healing and recovery than other methods.

Dermatological Treatments with Diffractive Optical Elements and High Power Lasers

In addition to skin regeneration, fractional laser technology is also used to treat skin pigmentations and improve the surface structure of the skin.

Fractional laser technology is an established and, at the same time, modern method of skin regeneration and rejuvenation. Experts may also be familiar with this technology under the name "fractional photothermolysis.” In addition to skin regeneration, fractional laser technology is also used to treat skin pigmentations and improve the surface structure of the skin. This technology is being used more and more in the treatment of scarring, whether acne scarring or scarring sustained due to an operation. The advantageous properties of this innovative method have led to a recognizable trend toward its application.

Method of treatment. In conventional dermatological laser treatment, the entire surface of the skin is radiated. In contrast, the minimally invasive treatment of the skin with a laser does not require radiation of the skin’s entire surface. Rather, the surface is radiated in a targeted grid area with a strong laser light (see Fig. 1). At a microscopic level, the individual illumination grids are largely spaced. The divided laser beam enters very small areas of the skin, and only µm deep, without affecting neighboring cells. The treated skin area thus consists of irradiated and non-irradiated parts, the irradiated parts of which only make up 15% to 20% of the treated area. In the small spots of treated skin, old, damaged cells are replaced by new, healthy skin as a result of improvement in the connective tissue. The new tissue improves the quality of the skin and smoothens out wrinkles. Untreated areas stabilize the tissue and aid the healing process.

Skin treatments with fractional lasers use the high energy of laser ablation and simultaneously offer more safety in treatment and faster regeneration than non-ablative laser treatments. For patients, this means a relatively risk-free and painless procedure. Depending on skin type, a slight sunburn is visible after treatment; however, this heals quickly. Skin rejuvenation can be achieved quite easily. Unlike treatment with low-power lasers, the patient does not have to sit through several treatment sessions.

Using Diffractive Beam Splitters to Produce a Dot Matrix. Illumination patterns can be generated with the help of diffractive optical elements (DOEs). The beam profile of the incoming beam is transmitted equally to all partial beams. Each individual beam has the same beam characteristics and intensity. Each individual spot generated has the same characteristics as the incoming beam. Therefore, the power of the individual beams is basically the same, irrespective of the incoming beam’s profile. The distribution of intensity to the individual spots is homogeneous, also in lasers that have Gaussian-shaped or irregular beam profiles, and is thus applicable in dermatological treatments.

The distance between the spots produced results from the separation angle between the individual partial beams and the operating distance. Placing an optical lens in the beam behind the DOE focuses the individual beams. Varying the focal distance of the lens can also affect the distance between the spots.

Diffractive beam splitters are robust components available in fused silica, sapphire, and ZnSe. DOEs are much easier to use than other solutions: for example, the distance between the spots and the operating distance can be easily adjusted, even in an existing system. This is done simply by replacing the lens behind the DOE with a lens that has a different focal distance. This compact optical assembly can also be integrated into a handheld device.

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