Fluorescence Explained Simply
UV radiation is invisible to the human eye. If you shine UV light on banknotes or identification papers, you will see colored elements that would otherwise be hidden. This phenomenon is based on fluorescence.
Fluorescent substances are illuminated with UV light: the molecules of fluorescent substances absorb the introduced energy and release existing energy (spontaneous emission), which is emitted as visible light. The color of the light depends on the molecular structure and the wavelength of the excitation light.
The authentication of identification papers or a driver’s license is usually carried out at 365 nm (using so-called UVA light). UVC light is also used for banknotes.
Fluorescence is applied in everyday life: Did you know that laundry detergent often has optical brighteners to make clothes appear whiter? The UV portion of daylight serves as the UV light source.
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